docker（十四）：docker

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docker（十四）：docker

2024-07-16 13:24| 来源: 网络整理| 查看: 265

一、实现功能

1.产生原因

从Dockerfile build image 或者 Dockerhub拉取image，或者创建多个container的时候。管理这些container就非常难。所以，compose的作用就是，批处理一个应用的所有Dockerfile。

2.Docker Compose实现功能

（1）通过一个yml文件定义多容器的docker应用（2）也可以通过一条命令就可以根据yml文件的定义去创建或者管理这多个容器

二、Docker-compose.yml构成

1. Docker-compose.yml由三部分构成：Services、Networks和Volumes。最常用版本是3，可以集群部署；而版本2,只能单机部署。 2. 具体结构

（1）service：启动服务

services: db: image: postgres:9.4 volumes: - "db-data:/var/lib/postgresql/data" networks: - back-tier 等效 docker run -d –network back-tier -v db-data: /var/lib/postgresql/data postgres:9.4

（2）volumes：持久化位置

services: db: image: postgres:9.4 volumes: - "db-data:/var/lib/postgresql/data" networks: - back-tier volumes: mysql-data: volumes等效 docker volume create db-data

（3）networks 创建docker网络

services: worker: build:./worker linkes: - db - redis networks: - front-tier networks: front-tier: driver: bridge front-bridge: driver: bridge

其中，worker容器下的网络front-tier是后续通过networks创建。

三、Docker compose安装和基本使用

1.安装网页：https://docs.docker.com/compose/compose-file/

下载当前稳定版本的docker-compose

[root@docker-node1 ~]# sudo curl -L "https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/1.24.0/docker-compose-$(uname -s)-$(uname -m)" -o /usr/local/bin/docker-compose % Total % Received % Xferd Average Speed Time Time Time Current Dload Upload Total Spent Left Speed 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 --:--:-- --:--:-- - 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 --:--:-- --:--:-- - 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 --:--:-- 0:00:01 -100 617 0 617 0 0 372 0 --:--:-- 0:00:01 --:--:-- 372 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 --:--:-- 0:00:03 - 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 --:--:-- 0:00:03 - 0 15.4M 0 0 0 0 0 0 --:--:-- 0:00:04 - 1 15.4M 1 169k 0 0 31960 0 0:08:25 0:00:05 29 15.4M 29 4657k 0 0 408k 0 0:00:38 0:00:11 0 38 15.4M 38 6067k 0 0 489k 0 0:00:32 0:00:12 47 15.4M 47 7530k 0 0 562k 0 0:00:28 0:00:13 57 15.4M 57 9110k 0 0 633k 0 0:00:24 0:00:14 67 15.4M 67 10.4M 0 0 692k 0 0:00:22 0:00:15 77 15.4M 77 11.9M 0 0 748k 0 0:00:21 0:00:16 88 15.4M 88 13.6M 0 0 804k 0 0:00:19 0:00:17 98 15.4M 98 15.1M 0 0 845k 0 0:00:18 0:00:18 -100 15.4M 100 15.4M 0 0 853k 0 0:00:18 0:00:18 --:--:-- 1624k

2. 赋予目录可执行权限

[root@docker-node1 ~]# sudo chmod +x /usr/local/bin/docker-compose

3. 检查安装

[root@docker-node1 ~]# docker-compose --version docker-compose version 1.24.0, build 0aa59064

4.提示命令

[root@docker-node1 ~]# docker-compose Define and run multi-container applications with Docker. Usage: docker-compose [-f ...] [options] [COMMAND] [ARGS...] docker-compose -h|--help Options: -f, --file FILE Specify an alternate compose file (default: docker-compose.yml) -p, --project-name NAME Specify an alternate project name (default: directory name) --verbose Show more output --log-level LEVEL Set log level (DEBUG, INFO, WARNING, ERROR, CRITICAL) --no-ansi Do not print ANSI control characters -v, --version Print version and exit -H, --host HOST Daemon socket to connect to --tls Use TLS; implied by --tlsverify --tlscacert CA_PATH Trust certs signed only by this CA --tlscert CLIENT_CERT_PATH Path to TLS certificate file --tlskey TLS_KEY_PATH Path to TLS key file --tlsverify Use TLS and verify the remote --skip-hostname-check Don't check the daemon's hostname against the name specified in the client certificate --project-directory PATH Specify an alternate working directory (default: the path of the Compose file) --compatibility If set, Compose will attempt to convert keys in v3 files to their non-Swarm equivalent Commands: build Build or rebuild services bundle Generate a Docker bundle from the Compose file config Validate and view the Compose file create Create services down Stop and remove containers, networks, images, and volumes events Receive real time events from containers exec Execute a command in a running container help Get help on a command images List images kill Kill containers logs View output from containers pause Pause services port Print the public port for a port binding ps List containers pull Pull service images push Push service images restart Restart services rm Remove stopped containers run Run a one-off command scale Set number of containers for a service start Start services stop Stop services top Display the running processes unpause Unpause services up Create and start containers version Show the Docker-Compose version information

5. 启动

-》docker-compose -f docker-compose.yml up ps: -f指定启动yml文件路径，如果不指定-f，则 -》docker-compose up 默认启动：docker-compose.iml文件四、部署wordpress实例

1.mysql和wordpress单独部署

（1）拉取wordpress和mysql

docker pull hub.c.163.com/library/wordpress:latest docker pull hub.c.163.com/library/mysql:5.7

（2）启动mysql 不需要暴露端口，因为是在宿主机上访问

docker run --name mysql -v /opt/mysql-data/:/var/lib/mysql -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=root -e MYSQL_DATABASE=wordpress hub.c.163.com/library/mysql:5.7

（3）启动wordpress

docker run --name some-wordpress --link mysql:mysql -p 8080:80 -d hub.c.163.com/library/wordpress

其中：--link指的将远程名称为mysql的容器，映射到wordpress容器，名称为mysql；然后，映射wordpress的80端口到宿主机的8080端口

（4）注册应用

-》访问：http://192.168.205.10:8080

-》填入必要信息

-》登陆

-》查看信息

2.使用docker-compose部署wordpress （1）docker-compose.yml内容

version: '3' services: wordpress: image: hub.c.163.com/library/wordpress ports: - 8080:80 environment: WORDPRESS_DB_HOST: mysql WORDPRESS_DB_PASSWORD: root networks: - my-bridge mysql: image: hub.c.163.com/library/mysql:5.7 environment: MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: root MYSQL_DATABASE: wordpress volumes: - mysql-data:/var/lib/mysql networks: - my-bridge volumes: mysql-data: networks: my-bridge: driver: bridge

（2）启动 docker-compose up

（3）访问http://192.168.205.10:8080

注册如同单步一样

五、常用命令

1.查看进程

[vagrant@docker-node1 labs6]$ docker-compose ps Name Command State Ports --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- labs6_mysql_1 docker-entrypoint.sh mysqld Up 3306/tcp labs6_wordpress_1 docker-entrypoint.sh apach ... Up 0.0.0.0:8080->80/tcp

2停止

[vagrant@docker-node1 labs6]$ docker-compose stop Stopping labs6_wordpress_1 ... done Stopping labs6_mysql_1 ... done [vagrant@docker-node1 labs6]$ docker-compose ps Name Command State Ports ------------------------------------------------------------------- labs6_mysql_1 docker-entrypoint.sh mysqld Exit 0 labs6_wordpress_1 docker-entrypoint.sh apach ... Exit 0

3启动

docker-compose start

4关闭删除down

docker-compose down

等效：stop+rm删除

5.启动，后台启动

docker-compose up -d

ps：如果调试，则不需要启动-d，因为需要查看log

6. 查看images

docker-compose images

7.exec进入容器内部

docker-compose exec mysql bash

或者

docker-compose exec wordpress bash

8.查看network

docker network ls

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docker（十四）：docker

docker（十四）：docker

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